Geotechnical Calculations for Prediction of Clandestine Undermining

Abstract

When coalition forces realize enemy’s intention to make use of the underground space for his belligerence, they must predict all options how to make military facilities less vulnerable from below. The article is focused on the simple geotechnical situation: Tunnel of 1m diameter, excavated by handy tools in loose materials, like sands or gravel. Further, the stability of the unsupported tunnel and effect of mining support is considered. Finally, which depth is presumable, when improvised tunnel should be done and profile reinforcement should be omitted. The best way how to explain it is to recognize the basic rules of the underground excavations stability. We cannot suppose drifting in the solid rocks. On the contrary, the clandestine excavations could to be achieved in loose materials, where silent technique, like shovels or pickaxe can be applied. The article would like to put the reader’s mind to geotechnical features that can facilitate or hamper the enemy’s effort to undermine coalition forces facility.